Military surplus firearms offer a unique blend of history, affordability, and often, surprising performance. However, keeping these weapons in top shooting condition requires a slightly different approach than with modern firearms. This guide delves into the essential aspects of maintaining and enjoying your military surplus collection, ensuring years of safe and reliable shooting.
Understanding the History and Condition of Your Surplus Weapon
Before even considering shooting your military surplus firearm, understanding its history and current condition is paramount. Many surplus weapons have seen extensive use, storage in less-than-ideal conditions, and potentially even modifications.
Assessing the Condition:
- Visual Inspection: Carefully examine the firearm for signs of wear, rust, pitting, or damage. Pay close attention to the bore, action, and any moving parts.
- Bore Inspection: Use a bore light and a bore brush to assess the condition of the barrel's rifling. A worn or pitted bore can significantly affect accuracy and safety.
- Action Check: Ensure the action functions smoothly and reliably. Look for any signs of excessive wear or binding.
- Proof Marks: Familiarize yourself with the proof marks and markings on the firearm. These can offer valuable clues about its history and origin.
Researching Your Specific Weapon:
Identifying the exact model and manufacturer is crucial. This allows you to find specific maintenance guides, manuals, and parts readily available. Online forums dedicated to military surplus firearms are invaluable resources for this research.
Essential Maintenance for Military Surplus Firearms
Proper maintenance is key to extending the life and ensuring the safe operation of your military surplus firearm.
Cleaning and Lubrication:
- Thorough Cleaning: After every shooting session, thoroughly clean your firearm. Use appropriate cleaning solvents and brushes designed for the caliber. Pay particular attention to removing all powder residue and fouling.
- Lubrication: Apply a high-quality gun lubricant to all moving parts. This prevents corrosion and ensures smooth operation.
- Storage: Store your firearm in a cool, dry place, preferably in a gun case or safe, to prevent rust and damage.
Addressing Common Issues:
- Cosmoline: Many surplus firearms are coated in cosmoline, a preservative that can be difficult to remove. Use appropriate solvents and techniques to safely remove it.
- Rust: Rust is a significant enemy of military surplus firearms. Regular cleaning and lubrication are crucial to prevent its formation, and rust removal requires care and potentially specialized tools.
- Part Replacement: Finding replacement parts for older military surplus firearms can sometimes be challenging. Research reputable suppliers and consider keeping a stock of common spare parts.
Safe Shooting Practices with Military Surplus Firearms
Shooting any firearm safely is paramount, but with military surplus weapons, extra caution is needed due to their age and potential variations in condition.
Ammunition Selection:
- Proper Ammunition: Always use ammunition that is specifically designed for the caliber and chamber of your firearm. Never use ammunition that is not compatible.
- Ammunition Condition: Inspect your ammunition for any signs of damage or deterioration before use.
Range Safety:
- Familiarization: Before shooting your surplus firearm, thoroughly familiarize yourself with its operation and safety features.
- Range Rules: Always follow all range rules and safety regulations.
- Eye and Ear Protection: Wear appropriate eye and ear protection at all times.
Conclusion: Enjoying the Legacy
Military surplus firearms offer a fascinating connection to history and can provide years of enjoyment for responsible owners. By understanding their unique needs, performing diligent maintenance, and prioritizing safety, you can preserve these historical pieces while safely enjoying their legacy on the shooting range. Remember, responsible gun ownership includes continuous learning and adherence to safe practices.
